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Folks know much less about leisure nitrous oxide use than they suspect they do, new College of Otago–Ōtākou Whakaihu Waka analysis presentations.
Nitrous oxide is a fuel that may be inhaled to create short-lived psychoactive results, akin to euphoria, dissociation, and hallucinations. In Aotearoa New Zealand, it’s unlawful to promote, provide or possess the drug for leisure use.
Lead creator Dr. Jai Whelan (Ngāi Te Rangi), a Postdoctoral Analysis Fellow within the Division of Inhabitants Well being (Ōtautahi) who finished his Ph.D. within the Division of Psychology, says the usage of nitrous oxide for non-medical functions has grown globally, as has hurt leading to hospitalizations.
“There was—and still is—very little information about its use in Aotearoa. We wanted to start filling that gap and assess what harms may be out there so that we can shape our harm reduction measures to improve the well-being of people who use drugs,” Dr. Whelan says.
The paintings is printed within the Magazine of Psychoactive Medication.
Just about 1,000 folks elderly 16-65 finished a countrywide survey. Intake practices, studies of injury, and hurt relief conduct have been investigated throughout 466 respondents, whilst nitrous oxide wisdom, perceptions of use, and perspectives on legality have been explored in an extra 510 individuals who didn’t use nitrous oxide.
“For most people who consume nitrous oxide, use is infrequent, in low doses, and mainly used in addition to other drugs,” Dr. Whelan says. “Harm was relatively uncommon.”
Most of the people (60.5%) who had used nitrous oxide reported understanding “a moderate amount” or extra concerning the drug, however simply 28.1% knew about its talent to inactivate the B12 nutrition.
The typical age of first intake was once 19.4 years, the most typical environment was once space events, and nearly all of customers inhaled the fuel by way of a balloon (96.8%).
Underneath part of shoppers (47.4%) skilled adversarial results—the most typical have been confusion (31.6%), chilly burns (24%), and nausea (15.7%). Slightly below 6% mentioned their nitrous oxide use had brought about them hurt.
A minority of folks additionally reported feeling constant numbness, which could have been brought about via its affect on B12. This may sign uncommon however extra severe hurt, most commonly related to power and heavy use.
“We would recommend that if anyone experiences this or other sensory changes that remain after the drug has worn off, they should take a break from using nitrous oxide and seek medical attention.”
There was once additionally little make stronger for harsher consequences for leisure use amongst individuals who use and don’t use nitrous oxide.
In September 2024, Well being Minister Dr. Shane Reti introduced the Executive deliberate to limit gross sales of nitrous oxide and supported the advent of harder consequences if bought for leisure functions beneath the Psychoactive Components Act 2013.
Information for the Otago learn about was once accrued previous to this announcement, between Would possibly and December 2023.
“Our results show little cause for serious large-scale concern and point to some clear next steps around drug education,” Dr. Whelan says.
“Not all drug use leads to harm, and having more information can enable people to make informed choices about drug use and protect their well-being.”
Additional information:
Jai Whelan et al, Eating and Pondering About Nangs: A Survey of Nitrous Oxide Use, Wisdom, Attitudes and Perceptions in Aotearoa New Zealand, Magazine of Psychoactive Medication (2025). DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2025.2452224
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