In a marked shift in U.S. foreign policy, both India and China are encountering heightened scrutiny over their economic and diplomatic engagements with Russia. Washington’s concerns are not merely rooted in routine geopolitical calculations but stem from a growing fear that these bilateral ties could undermine Western sanctions regimes aimed at isolating Moscow. Congressional leaders and key administration officials have started signaling potential retaliatory measures that could affect trade, technology transfers, and strategic military cooperation.

Experts identify several focal points driving this tension, including:

  • Energy transactions: India and China continue to import discounted Russian oil, challenging the unified front against Moscow.
  • Defense collaborations: Ongoing military partnerships with Russia, including arms purchases, pose security…